Colon Cancer Screening: Why Everyone 45 and Older Should Get Checked

Colon cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable cancers—if caught early. Yet, it remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the U.S. The good news? Routine screenings can detect precancerous polyps before they develop into cancer, dramatically improving survival rates.

If you're 45 or older, it's time to start thinking about colon cancer screening. Here’s why it matters and how you can take proactive steps to protect your health.

Why Has the Recommended Screening Age Dropped to 45?

In recent years, there has been a rise in colon cancer cases among younger adults. Previously, screening was recommended starting at age 50, but new research led major health organizations—like the American Cancer Society and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force—to lower the recommended age to 45 for average-risk individuals.

This change means millions more people are now eligible for early screening, potentially saving thousands of lives each year.

Who Is at Risk for Colon Cancer?

Even if you feel healthy, certain factors can increase your risk of developing colon cancer, including:

✔ Age 45 and older (even without symptoms)
✔ Family history of colon cancer or polyps
✔ Personal history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease, or ulcerative colitis
✔ Lifestyle factors such as a diet high in red or processed meat, smoking, heavy alcohol use, or lack of physical activity
✔ Obesity and type 2 diabetes

Even without risk factors, screening is crucial. Most cases develop without warning signs, making early detection key.

Colon Cancer Screening Options

There are several effective screening methods, and your provider can help determine the best option based on your health history and preferences.

1. Colonoscopy (Gold Standard) – Every 10 Years

• A long, flexible tube with a camera is used to examine the entire colon.
• If polyps are found, they can be removed immediately, preventing cancer from developing.
• Requires bowel preparation and sedation, but it is the most thorough test available.

2. Stool-Based Tests (Non-Invasive Options)

For those hesitant about a colonoscopy, stool tests can detect blood or DNA changes linked to colon cancer. These include:

• FIT (Fecal Immunochemical Test) – Done annually, detects hidden blood in the stool.
• Cologuard (Multitarget Stool DNA Test) – Done every three years, detects DNA changes and blood in the stool.

If stool tests show abnormal results, a colonoscopy is needed for further evaluation.

3. Flexible Sigmoidoscopy – Every 5 Years

• Examines only the lower part of the colon.
• Less invasive than a colonoscopy but does not evaluate the entire colon.

What If My Screening is Normal?

• If you have no polyps and no high-risk factors, you may not need another screening for 10 years.
• If polyps or abnormalities are found, follow-up recommendations will depend on your results.

Take Action: Don’t Delay Your Screening

Colon cancer is highly preventable, yet many people delay screenings due to fear, discomfort, or simply not realizing they need one. But early detection saves lives.

✔ If you're 45 or older, schedule your first screening.
✔ If you have a family history of colon cancer, talk to your provider—you may need screening before 45.
✔ Choose a screening method that works for you—any screening is better than none!

Final Thoughts

Colon cancer screening is a simple, lifesaving step you shouldn’t put off. If you're due for screening or have questions about your risk, talk to your healthcare provider today. It’s your health, your future—take control now.