“Can you die from high heart rate?”

You can die from the high heart rate. The classic example of this is a rhythm called ventricular tachycardia. This can speed the ventricle at rates upwards of 200 bpm. It is typically unstable and can degenerate into full-blown ventricular fibrillation where the pump just fibrillates and does not beat. This of course leads to sudden death. There are other causes a very fast heart rate that can also lead to fatal arrhythmias. Heart rates of 180 or less are generally tolerated and not fatal specially in younger patients.

General answer is no, but it depends on what makes the heart rate high or, in other words, why the heart rate is out of rhythm. This can be identified by prolonged motioning.