Types of Gum Disease
Dr. Andrea Benitez is a Dentist practicing in Miami, FL. Dr. Benitez specializes in preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases and conditions associated with the mouth and overall dental health. Dentists are trained to carry out such treatment as professional cleaning, restorative, prosthodontic, and endodontic procedures,... more
Periodontitis and gingivitis are two common oral health conditions that affect the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. They are both forms of gum disease, but they differ in terms of severity and the extent of damage caused.
Gingivitis: Gingivitis is the milder form of gum disease and refers to inflammation of the gums. It is primarily caused by the buildup of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth and gum line. Poor oral hygiene, such as inadequate brushing and flossing, can lead to the accumulation of plaque. The symptoms of gingivitis include red, swollen, and tender gums, bleeding during brushing or flossing, bad breath, and in some cases, receding gums. Gingivitis can usually be reversed with proper oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings.
Periodontitis: Periodontitis is an advanced stage of gum disease characterized by the inflammation and destruction of the tissues that surround and support the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. If left untreated, periodontitis can lead to tooth loss. The progression from gingivitis to periodontitis occurs when the bacteria in plaque infect the gums and spread below the gum line, triggering an inflammatory response. The immune system's response, along with the toxins released by the bacteria, causes damage to the tissues and bone supporting the teeth. Common symptoms of periodontitis include persistent bad breath, receding gums, deep pockets between the gums and teeth, loose teeth, and changes in the bite. Treatment for periodontitis typically involves a combination of professional dental cleanings, scaling, root planing (deep cleaning), antibiotic therapy, and in severe cases, surgical interventions.
It's important to note that good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups, along with a healthy diet, can help prevent both gingivitis and periodontitis. If you notice any signs of gum disease, it's crucial to seek professional dental care for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
