“Is vestibular nerve damage permanent?”

Not necessarily but it depends on the cause of the nerve damage. Patients with vestibular neuritis (inflammation of the vestibular nerve) tend to recover although not always completely. There are exercises that can be done to improve recovery/teach the vestibular system to compensate. These are called "vestibular rehab". An ENT (ear, nose and throat) physician should be able to teach those exercises and/or refer you for vestibular rehab, if necessary.

If the vestibular nerve damage is due to a stroke or lack of blood supply, severe trauma, birth defect or from a toxin, it is permanent. If the vestibular nerve damage is due to compression, it may reverse. Most people have BPPV which is benign paroxysmal peripheral vertigo which is a problem with the otoliths and there is no damage to the vestibular nerve.

Sometimes. Not always. If you have persistent vestibular sympotms, please consut with a neurologist.