Patient Education Series | Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement | Peter M. Farrugia, MD, FACC, RPVI
Dr. Peter M. Farrugia, an Interventional Cardiologist and Vascular Specialist, has devoted the past decade to providing cardiac and vascular care in Monmouth and Ocean County. As the CEO of Advanced Heart and Vascular of Central Jersey, he prioritizes the physician-patient relationship, fostering a patient-centered approach... more
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Modern Approach to Aortic Valve Disease
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure designed to treat severe aortic stenosis, a condition where the aortic valve narrows, obstructing blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. TAVR offers a less invasive alternative to traditional open-heart surgery, providing new hope for patients who may be at high risk for surgical complications.
How TAVR Works
The TAVR procedure involves inserting a new aortic valve into the heart using a catheter, a thin, flexible tube. The catheter is typically introduced through a small incision in the groin, but in some cases, it may be inserted through other access points. The new valve is carefully positioned within the old, diseased valve, where it expands and takes over the function of regulating blood flow. This technique avoids the need for chest surgery and a large incision, significantly reducing recovery time and hospital stay.
Advantages of TAVR
TAVR offers several benefits over traditional valve replacement surgery. It is less invasive, which means a smaller incision and less trauma to the body. Patients often experience a quicker recovery, with many returning to their normal activities within a few weeks. Additionally, TAVR can be performed on patients who are not suitable candidates for open-heart surgery due to other health conditions.
Indications for TAVR
TAVR is primarily used for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are at intermediate, high, or extreme risk for open-heart surgery. It is also considered for patients who have previously undergone heart surgery but continue to experience severe aortic stenosis symptoms. The decision to proceed with TAVR is based on a thorough evaluation by a multidisciplinary team of cardiologists, surgeons, and other specialists.
Potential Risks and Complications
While TAVR is generally safe, it does carry some risks, including infection, bleeding, and valve complications. Other potential issues include stroke, heart rhythm disturbances, and the need for a pacemaker. However, advances in technology and techniques continue to improve outcomes and minimize risks.
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