The way to determine if one of your kidneys has failed or is functioning poorly would begin with blood work to assess kidney function, usually BUN (Blood urea Nitrogen) and Creatinine and urinalysis to determine abnormal levels of protein or other substances being excreted in the urine. If those were abnormal, then other tests of kidney function, such as ultrasound, dye excretion studies, etc., would be considered. Typically, kidney failure does not cause flank or side pain; however, other causes such as kidney stones or obstruction of the urinary tract from the kidney to the bladder could be responsible. Concerta can cause increased blood pressure, which could impact kidney function if not adequately monitored, but nothing has been reported, to date, of direct damage to a kidney by Concerta or other behavioral stimulant medications. As for the concern of having your kidney removed, this is rarely required for a failed or poorly functioning kidney, unless there is a tumor involved or the kidney is causing significant issues with your health. If the pain continues or abnormalities, such as blood, clots or significant abnormal color, are seen in your urine, you should be promptly evaluated by your Primary Care Physician or an Urgent Care facility