Diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome is a serious condition caused by abnormally high levels of blood sugar. It usually occurs in people who have type 2 diabetes and is triggered by infection or illness.
This condition requires immediate medical attention. If left untreated, diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome could result in life-threatening dehydration.
Signs and symptoms of diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome include:
Diabetic hyperosmolar usually develops over a few days to weeks.
Factors that can cause the development of diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome include:
A physical exam and mental status exam are required for diagnosis of diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome.
Lab tests in which the level of sugar is checked in the blood and determine the function of the kidneys may also be carried out.
Emergency treatment can correct diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome within hours.
Patients are given intravenous fluids to restore water to the tissues and potassium, sodium or phosphate supplement to help cells to function properly. Insulin can also be given to reduce the level of sugar. Patients with infection or other underlying diseases should be treated for these conditions.
Diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome can be prevented by:
The factors which increase the risk of developing diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome include:
The following complications can occur if immediate treatment is not given to a patient with diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome:
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