Dr. Umashankar K. Ballehaninna

It will depend upon the practice setup. A lot of vein centers and outpatient clinics perform vein procedures under some form of sedation (called conscious sedation), local anesthetic injection at the site of the procedure, and some intravenous pain meds administered by a nurse who watches and monitors while the procedure is done. In hospital-based practice anesthesiologist will see the patient and determine the right anesthesia which could range from simple sedation to complete general anesthesia. Good luck with your procedure!

Umashankar Ballehaninna

Please, refer to previous answers to the same question. In most places local and sedation some hospitals use general anesthesia.

Yes depends on patients health status and pain tolerance. Browse answers to similar questions on this website. Most patients a combination of local anesthesia and IV sedatives/pain meds.

Umashankar Ballehaninna

It”ll depends on the surgery center; most out patient vein centers do varicose vein procedures under moderate sedation and local anesthesia, recommend discussing with your provider. In hospital based vein procedures: general anesthesia often used.

Umashankar Ballehaninna

Yes, general anesthesia could be used depending on the practice setup. Most vein procedures are performed under monitored sedation but in certain instances and in hospital-based practice or ambulatory surgery centers general anesthesia is fairly commonly used.

It could in a older person with calcified varicose veins but that information is not very useful or informative. Physical exam by your health provider can detect it often and Ultrasound is a better test with excellent information useful for diagnosis and management of varicose veins.

Umashankar Ballehaninna

This answer corresponds to ablation of long or short saphenous vein; ablation of these vein addresses underlying causes of the varicose veins i.e. venous reflux or venous incompetence. Following ablation, varicose veins usually get smaller and leg likely to become less symptomatic. However, varicose veins will remain in the leg in some occasion may be unchanged if they are connected to leaking perforating veins. To make varicose veins disappear stab phlebectomy is recommended. Following stab phlebectomy where in surgeon physically remove the varicose veins; those veins will disappear and most of the times in 2-3 months post procedure, cosmetically appear much improved in terms of appearance.
Good luck!

Umashankar Ballehaninna MD

96%-98% of the time, radio frequency ablation is safe without any complications. Around 2%-5% may have some complications such as deep vein thrombosis (blood clot), skin damage like burn from inside, rarely infection and very rare injuries to other structures such as nerves or arteries. Overall, very safe procedure.
Good luck!

Umashankar Ballehaninna

It’ll depend on the results of leg ultrasound report and the duration and nature of your symptoms. Typically most common variety of varicose vein associated with long saphenous vein incompetence a trial of compression stockings is initiated. Afterwards vein closure with or without stab phlebectomy is recommended for majority of the varicose vein patients. Life style changes such as limb elevation at rest, weight loss and exercises are also helpful.
So best result would be a combination of above.
Best regards,
Umashankar Ballehaninna

Patients with a transient form of stroke called Transient ischemic attacks (TIA), wherein stroke lasts less than 24 hours, do have complete recovery. In a major stroke lasting 24 hours or more, recovery is unpredictable. Depending on the location and the severity of the stroke, patients may or may not have a complete recovery. A lot is dependent on the adequate rehabilitation and efforts to prevent a new stroke. Carotid artery atherosclerosis is one of the common preventable causes of stroke.

Ascending aortic dissection would require surgery usually in an emergent fashion due to the very close proximity of the dissection to the very important blood vessels such as arteries to heart itself (coronary arteries) and arteries going into the brain (carotid and vertebral arteries). Dissection causing blockage of these arteries would lead to massive heart attack or stroke, also ascending aortic aneurysms are more prone to rupturing into the sac outside the heart called pericardium which can lead to compression of heart and death, these circumstances warrant that ascending aortic aneurysm to be fixed emergently. Sometimes descending aortic dissection could affect arteries in the gut or kidneys or legs, in these circumstances it needs to be addressed immediately, however vast majority of descending aortic dissections do not affect those arteries, so they can be managed with good control of blood pressure that would allow for healing of the dissection or prevent getting worse. Good luck with your school project!

In general avoid heavy lifting (> 10 lbs), strenuous exercises at least for 2 weeks following stent placement (sometimes longer with a larger stents such as aortic aneurysm repair). Maintain healthy diet, routine wound care like wash with soap and water and keep it dry. Things to look for; area of arterial access getting firm, hard, increasing redness, increasing pain and any wound discharge, in these circumstances contact your doctor.